Inequities in the dollars used to fund schools have been a problem in Ohio for decades.
Education funding depends on local home values, business investments, levies that pass or fail, and in some areas, it also depends on whether a natural gas pipeline runs through your school district.
In a fairly rural district in Northeast Ohio, the construction of a controversial pipeline could mean a multi-million-dollar windfall, and after years of belt-tightening, district officials are dreaming up potential ways to spend it.
Cloverleaf Local Schools
Days before Cloverleaf High School鈥檚 production of 鈥淏ye Bye Birdie,鈥� 18-year-old Jacob Berchtold and his cast mates practiced the opening number in what he described as Cloverleaf Elementary鈥檚 cafetorium.
鈥淚t鈥檚 basically a cafeteria and they have, like, a stage set up on the opposite side,鈥� he said.
The elementary school was built in 2012 and, at the time, was state of the art.
Berchtold鈥檚 high school, though, less than half a mile down the road, was built in 1960 and doesn鈥檛 have a stage. So, when the drama club rehearses for its annual musical they squeeze into their advisor鈥檚 choir room and, sometimes, spill over into the school library.
But Cloverleaf could soon get a performance space, and almost anything else a school district could want, thanks to the construction of the Nexus pipeline.
鈥淚t鈥檚 a game changer,鈥� Cloverleaf Superintendent Daryl Kubilus said.
Nexus Pipeline Revenues and the Dreams of a District
The 255-mile stretch of pipeline will pass right through Kubilus鈥檚 district, taking natural gas from eastern Ohio to Michigan and then on to Canada.
Nexus estimates the pipeline will bring with it more than $25 million in new property tax revenue for Cloverleaf schools over the first five years of its operation -- a 20 percent increase in the district鈥檚 current operating budget.
A decade ago, Cloverleaf was in fiscal emergency. A school levy in 2014 helped pull it from the brink and Kubilus says the district of 2,600 students is now back on track. They've even had a surplus in recent years, but new tax revenue from the pipeline opens up the possibilty of so much more.
鈥淚t gives us the opportunity to explore programming and options for our Cloverleaf students that we could have only dreamed about in the past,鈥� Kubilus said.
Dreams for new educational programming, new windows and roofs on 40 and 50-year-old school buildings, or enough money to construct new ones.
The manifestation of significant tax revenues for school districts due to pipelines isn鈥檛 unique to Ohio, though. It鈥檚 happening across the country. The National Conference of State Legislatures says while a handful of states鈥攍ike Pennsylvania and Idaho鈥攅xempt pipelines from taxes, most assess some kind of property or utility tax similar to Ohio.
Georgetown University researcher Nora Gordon said that can create a windfall for school districts.
鈥淚t鈥檚 like discovering a new source of something you can tax,鈥� Gordon said. 鈥淪o, then the school district has the opportunity to spend more-- a sizeable amount more.鈥�
But just how much more is still being debated in this northeast Ohio district.
Local Versus Company Estimates
The pipeline company has refused to release the property values used to calculate the estimates or allow its researcher to be interviewed about calculation methods. State tax officials say they trust the company鈥檚 estimates, but the auditor of Medina County鈥攚here Cloverleaf is located鈥攊sn鈥檛 so sure.
Auditor Mike Kovack has been writing Medina County鈥檚 tax bills for 25 years and said, if Nexus estimates are correct, the company would have to invest some $400 million worth of new pipeline, buildings and compressor stations.
That, he said, is substantial.
鈥淚t鈥檚 not unusual for numbers to be overestimated at the beginning of a project when you鈥檙e looking for favorable treatment from local entities,鈥� Kovack said.
And construction of the pipeline has been controversial.
The cities of Oberlin and Green filed lawsuits attempting to reroute Nexus, but lost or settled. Still, tension between local environmental groups and Nexus persists, even as construction gets underway.
Superintendent Kubilus said he isn鈥檛 taking sides in the matter, but he鈥檚 working to survey the community about how any new money should be spent.
鈥淲e will let those processes happen, but we will be grateful for any money that we do receive as a result of this pipeline,鈥� he said.
The Nexus pipeline is expected to be fully operational later this year, which means Cloverleaf Schools鈥攁nd 36 other Ohio school districts鈥攈ave two years to decide what to do with a new stream of money flowing as a result of the pipeline.
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