Ohio鈥檚 largest energy companies are trying to figure out what they鈥檙e going to do with their coal power plants as they navigate through a vital time in the utilities industry. For the final installment of his three-part series, Statehouse correspondent Andy Chow explores the different paths those utilities can take and what that means forOhioanswho pay to keep the lights on.
Many agree that the state of Ohio has reached a boiling point where the fate of coal, renewable energy and the regulatory framework itself must be decided.
Businesses and energy companies think so.
鈥淚t鈥檚 not on a front page it鈥檚 not something people will immediately understand, it鈥檚 geeky stuff,鈥� said Sam Randazzo.
"Quite frankly I think we鈥檙e at a crossroads," Todd Snitchler added.
Environmentalists think so.
鈥淲e鈥檙e at an incredibly critical transition point,鈥� said Dan Sawmiller.
And legislators think so.
鈥淲e鈥檙e at a point where all of those major issues remain undecided,鈥� said Republican Senator Bill Seitz of Cincinnati.
AEP and FirstEnergy had plans to keep their struggling coal plants afloat by adding an extra charge to customers鈥� electric bills. But that was essentially struck down by federal regulators.
FirstEnergy is trying to find a new way to fund the plants while AEP has suggested selling off all its coal plants or try to go back to a regulated industry.
Dan Sawmiller with the Sierra Club鈥檚 Ohio Chapter says, whatever happens, the end of coal is near.
鈥淚t terms of the final blow, you鈥檝e sort of seen it, the market is sending a signal that coal is on its way out.鈥�
Sawmiller supports a plan from AEP to develop a large solar farm that could create many jobs to replace the ones lost if coal plants shut down. His vision for Ohio鈥檚 energy future includes a whole new way of distributing power, which would lower electric bills.
鈥淪o instead of big plants that move power over long lines, we want smaller plants that are clean that deliver the power directly to the customer,鈥� said Sawmiller.
Todd Snitchler represents the Alliance for Energy Choice, a coalition of energy suppliers. His argument for lower energy costs is to truly deregulate utilities. Right now, AEP, FirstEnergy and Dayton Power and Light each have two companies; one side makes the power and the other sends it to homes and businesses. Although they鈥檙e two separate companies, they share the same shareholders and CEO鈥檚.
鈥淭he easier thing to do might be to pull the band-aid the rest of the way off and force separation of generation from wires.鈥�
Snitchler, the former head of utilities regulation in Ohio, says this will spur better competition and more investment among the suppliers.
Meanwhile, a business advocate who鈥檚 been involved with utility regulation since the early 70鈥檚 says there鈥檚 a much larger problem that needs to be addressed -- volatility. Sam Randazzo says companies make huge investments into power plants in hopes of seeing a return in about 40 years, but the wholesale market can only forecast prices three years into the future.
鈥淭hat tends to force people to make investments that may not be the best over the long haul but are rational if you鈥檙e only considering the three-year period,鈥� said Randazzo.
Also looming in Ohio are the green energy standards that require utilities to deliver a certain amount of renewable energy and the federal Clean Power Plan which strives to reduce the amount of carbon emissions.
Republican Senator BillSeitzof Cincinnati opposes those standards, but says all these issues are so critical that he鈥檚 calling for a meeting of the minds, where the governor and other top energy leaders sit in a room and get on the same page.
There are so many possibilities for the future of energy in Ohio. Coal plants could begin to shut down or continue for another 15 years. Utilities could follow AEP鈥檚 lead and decide to invest more in solar and wind. And more independent energy producers could come into the state to increase competition.
And while experts can debate which options are the best, the only thing we know for sure is that any of these scenarios have the power to affect all the charges and fees that make up the bottom line on your monthly electric bill.
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